The arthrosis of the knee joint in medical dictionaries is located under the name "gonarthrosis".
What is it?A disease caused by a degenerative-dystrophic process that affects the cartilage of the hyaline knee.
Symptoms of arthrosis of the joint have developed slowly for years, manifested by a painful sign that reduces movements.Among other articular arthrosis, namely the knee, not the hip, elbow, shoulder or phalanx, occupies a leading position in the number of patients with patients.
Statistics lead to the conclusion that more than others, knee arthrosis is subjected to people aged forty and more years and for their greater part among the weak half of the population.
Often the development of the disease is observed in many young people, but is associated with injuries or excessive workloads in athletes.
Reasons
It is impossible to declare the existence of a single cause that encourages the development of knee arthrosis, but has been shown to have a certain set of provocative factors, under the influence of which the risk of such a disorder increases with age.There are two mechanisms in medicine explaining the onset of arthrosis:
- Basically, it implies the main cause of the age factor (aging of the body and all tissues), as well as obesity, hereditary predisposition and regular physical activity throughout life.
- Secondary - is found in 30% of patients with arthrosis of the joint and is explained by the result of injury (fractures of the lower legs, outbursts of ligaments and damage to the cartilage, meniscus).In such cases, arthrosis begins its manifestation after 3-4 years and with serious damage even after a few months.
Some facts about gonarthrosis of the joints.
In medical practice, there have been times when people after 40 have started active sports, special intensive running and squat.With the beginning of age -related changes, it is impossible to sharply load the body and its individual parts, this can provoke the activation of dystrophic and degenerative processes in the joints.
In addition to injuries and serious damage, background diseases (psoriatic, reactive or rheumatoid arthritis; gout; varicose veins) can affect the onset of arthrosis of the joint;
Professional sports, regular physical activity, hard work or weighing, frequent upward climb to high floors in the elderly are also able to lead to the development of the disease in the knee joint.In the risk zone there is room for those who have had spinal injuries, neurological diseases, diabetes mellitus, metabolic disorders and hereditary weakness of the ligamentary apparatus.
In half or even most cases of this joint disease, the root cause is a spasm in the muscles of the anterior surface of the thigh.Before the pain begins to manifest in the knees, this spasm can go unnoticed for a long period of time, the moment one will cause discomfort, lumbar pain, tired condition and heaviness in the legs.The constant spasmodic condition of the muscle, loving the rectus and the iliac, over the years, "pulls" their knees, blocking their free movement.
Sensational discovery in medicine.
Most recently, the Belgian orthopedic surgeons from the city of Leven have discovered an unknown and so far unexplored anterolateral ligament (all), located in the knee of a person.Another name for the ligament is "Front -line".
It was noted that some patients, even after surgery, feel the instability of the joint, as well as the pain in light loads.
Four years of studies of nearly fifty knees gave their stunning "fruits" in the form of opening this ligament, completely unknown to this day.The anterolateral ligament provides the rotating function of the shin.It requires surgical correction for surgery performed after injuries that orthopedic doctors have always neglected by ignorance.
The first, second and third degree of arthrosis of the knee joint
As you know, gonarthrosis in most cases develops only in one of the joints and given the intensity of pathological processes, medicine identifies 3 degrees of arthrosis of the joints:
1 degree
At this stage of the "onset" of the disease there is no deformity of the bone and joint, the manifestation of the disease is in the rare, associated with the stresses of pain in the joint.Incredible swelling of the joint is also possible, which can independently disappear.
2 degrees
This stage is characterized by intense and long -lasting pain, grows with low physical activity, walking, after gravity.You can clearly hear a crunch in the joint.In the second stage, deformity of the joint begins to develop, leading to moderate movement limitation.
3 degrees
Symptoms develop actively and are fully manifested.Regular pain leads to a disturbance of the gait, the deformation of the joint is quite noticeable, its mobility is limited.Strengthening the pain depends on the change in weather conditions.The piercing nature of the pain disrupts sleep, it becomes difficult to choose a comfortable position.
What is the arthrosis of the knee joint?
- The blockade of the knee joint and the damage to the meniscus.This disease is characterized by active development, occurs after an unsuccessful cry in a glass of the knee with acute pain, which disappears literally after a quarter of an hour.The next day there is a knee swelling.
- Reactive, psoriatic, rheumatoid arthritis, joint rheumatism, gout.The main difference between arthrosis and arthritis is in the blood.The results of the analysis of arthrosis will not reveal any changes, but in the results with arthritis, everything will show the inflammatory process.
- Inflammation of the knee tendons.Women after 40 years can feel pain in elevators and descents on the stairs and wearing.The pain is concentrated on the inner surface without any knee restrictions.
- Knee pain.The pain occurs at one time on two knees (symmetrically), often in adolescence with accelerated bone growth, can occur as a result of a change in weather, with colds and physical activity.Patients call this condition "twists" knees.
Symptoms of knee arthrosis joint
When the disease occurs, the symptoms appear gradually.At the initial stage, only minimal discomfort appears, minor pain from hiking on the stairs -this is so -covered Patel -finemoral syndrome.A distinctive feature of knee arthrosis is a symptom of pain starting.With a sharp change of position from the seal to the stand, the first steps are given very painfully.However, the pain leaves with any movement, but it can return after a tangible load.The external condition of the knee does not change immediately.Only because of the accumulation of fluid can it slightly release or become spherical.
Initially, arthrosis leads to the fact that the blood supply to the cartilage of hyaline is impaired, over time it dries and cracks.Therefore, there are obstacles to the movement of cartilage that contribute to the microtrauma of the tissues.Bone structures form outgrowths, leading to even more complex nutrients intake and cartilage degeneration.
Due to such pathology, the second stage is characterized by increased symptoms and for the appearance of severe pain is the shortest stress.Resting, she calms down, but continues to move - she returns again.It becomes impossible to bend the legs as much as possible as the acute pain interferes, the rough crunch is noticeable when walking.
When arthrosis was finally impressed by the knee joint, the bone is completely deformed, there is virtually no cartilage tissue.The pain does not give a break around the clock, lying down and standing, the legs can bend and become X or for figurines, walking without the patient's support is very difficult.
Diagnosis and treatment of arthrosis
The first degree of arthrosis does not allow the disease to be diagnosed with the help of normal examination, but in 2 and 3 noticeable deformities of the joint and bones, they become a clear sign, the axis of changes in the limbs, the movements are limited and accompanied by crunching.
In addition to standard radio diagnostics, more efficient methods are used - these are CT and MRI.
Chondroprotective agents are prescribed as a treatment with medicines to replace synovial fluid.Intracular administration of steroid hormones may also be required for treatment.Treatment with sanatorium-resource is very useful.
The treatment of knee arthrosis of the 3rd degree should be complicated and consist of drug therapy and special procedures such as physiotherapy, therapeutic massage and gymnastics and mud.
As a modern method of treatment, knee injections are used for arthrosis, so medicines in the form of hyaluronic acid are used.It serves as a "liquid" prosthesis that performs the functions of true synovial fluid that provides lubrication of joint surfaces, eating it and restoring.
In the event of inaccessible treatment, the possibility of joint endoprotetos is not excluded, but only if the patient is at a young age, arthrosis is severely painted and movement is completely limited.
Diet
Disrupted exchange, completeness, obesity, all this can lead to additional loading of the joints, especially for such weak ones.If you have diagnosed deformation of arthrosis on the right knee joint or left, you should immediately review your daily diet.It should prevail with light meals, prepared in an unpretentious way - cooked, blurred or stewed.Regular use will lead to a gradual and safe loss of extra pounds, which will delight the joints, connections and all internal organs.
But also, the diet with arthrosis of the joints should combine products that have a beneficial effect on tissues, bones and cartilage, restoring them, if possible.Here it is worth paying attention to strong bone broth, cold man and jelly.
Protein should also be present daily for treatment.You can paint it from chicken and bush meat, cheese and cottage cheese, as well as legumes.Inflamed joints need vitamin E exclusively, so in almond (or hazelnut) and roasted fish, never give up.
Useful carbohydrates are consumed by various cereals, sweet fruits and whole grain bread.Nutrition with knee arthrosis cannot be represented without vegetables, their useful cabbage, broccoli, zucchini, pumpkin and carrots.
Exercise therapy
Treatment with the help of physiotherapy exercises with knee arthrosis can only be an auxiliary method and in accordance with the doctor.
Such gymnastics is very simple to implement and does not require investment, but it is still very effective.Here are some exercises from exercise therapy with arthrosis of the joints:
- Lying on the floor, you should bend on the stomach and bend the knee joints on both legs sequentially.
- Turn on the back, pull the knee of each leg to the stomach in turn, and return your feet to your original position.
- Perform several dozens of rotary movements with the lower limbs called "bicycle".
- Cross your legs on the type of scissors imitation.
Exercises for treatment with joints of the joints is good to combine with massage.
Treatment with knee arthrosis massage can even be performed independently, having previously examined the proper technique of its application.
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